Manacapuru Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) Bred in SA

The Manacapuru Angelfish, also known as the Manacapuru Red-Shoulder Angelfish, is a stunning freshwater fish admired for its striking silver body, accentuated with a vibrant red or orange “shoulder” near its head. Originating from the Rio Manacapuru region in the Amazon Basin, this angelfish thrives in well-maintained, soft-water aquariums with ample swimming space and natural decor. Its graceful demeanor and vivid colors make it a favorite among aquarists.

Natural Habitat

In the wild, the Manacapuru Angelfish is found in slow-moving waters of the Rio Negro and its tributaries. These habitats are typically warm, soft, and acidic, with dark, tannin-stained waters. Dense vegetation and submerged roots provide shelter and breeding grounds.

Aquarium Care

Tank Requirements

• Minimum Tank Size: 100 liters for a small group. Larger tanks (150 liters or more) are recommended for adults.
• Water Temperature: 24–30°C.
• pH Range: 5.5–7.0.
• Water Hardness: 1–6 dGH (very soft to soft water).
• Filtration: Gentle flow with robust biological filtration to maintain pristine water conditions.

Aquascaping

• Use a fine sand or smooth gravel substrate.
• Include live plants such as Amazon Swords, Vallisneria, and Java Moss to replicate their natural habitat.
• Add driftwood and smooth rocks to create hiding spaces and a natural aesthetic.
• Moderate lighting is ideal to enhance their shimmering appearance and keep stress levels low.

Tank Mates

• Suitable tank mates include peaceful, soft-water species like cardinal tetras, hatchetfish, and corydoras.
• Avoid aggressive or fin-nipping species, such as tiger barbs or large cichlids.

Feeding

Manacapuru Angelfish are omnivorous and benefit from a varied diet:

• Staple Foods: High-quality flakes, granules, or cichlid pellets.
• Live/Frozen Foods: Bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia for protein.
• Vegetables: Blanched spinach or spirulina-based foods for added nutrition.
  Feed small portions 1–2 times daily, ensuring all food is consumed within a few minutes.

Breeding

Breeding Manacapuru Angelfish is a rewarding experience but requires specific conditions to ensure success.

Pair Formation

• Allow a group of juveniles to grow together, as pairs naturally form over time.
• Males tend to have more pointed dorsal and anal fins, while females are rounder-bodied.

Breeding Tank Setup

• Use a separate breeding tank of at least 40 liters.
• Maintain stable conditions:
  • Temperature: 28–30°C.
  • pH: 6.0–6.5.
• Provide flat surfaces like slate or broad-leaf plants for egg-laying.

Spawning and Egg Care

• The female lays rows of eggs, which the male fertilizes.
• Both parents usually guard the eggs and fry. If breeding in a community tank, move the eggs to a separate rearing tank to protect them.
• Eggs hatch in 2–3 days, and fry become free-swimming within a week.

Fry Feeding

• Start with freshly hatched brine shrimp or liquid fry food.
• Gradually transition to finely crushed flakes or micro-pellets as they grow.

Key Notes

• Behavior: Semi-aggressive, especially when breeding. Provide ample space and vertical structures to reduce territorial disputes.
• Water Maintenance: Perform weekly water changes to maintain optimal conditions and prevent stress.
• Health: Monitor for common illnesses like ich and fin rot. Regular maintenance and a balanced diet will keep them healthy and vibrant.

The Manacapuru Angelfish is an excellent choice for intermediate to advanced aquarists who can provide the soft-water conditions it requires. With its radiant red-shoulder marking and graceful movements, it brings a unique elegance to medium and large aquariums.